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Yukon: Essence of the gold rush

1. Yukon

The Yukon’s vast and rugged, sparsely populated stretch of land located on the 60th parallel in northwest Canada, which shares a border with Alaska and accurately earns its own slogan proclaimed the “larger than life” is a diverse topography, serene beauty and intoxicating appeal of arid land, treeless plains, boreal forests, rugged mountains, glaciers and lakes reflective mirror and rivers inhabited by First Nations people in Canada and abundant wildlife. Due to its high latitude, it experiences more than 20 hours of daylight in the summer, but less than five in winter, replaced, instead, by the northern lights known as aurora borealis. Apart from the main “cities”, most communities are accessible only by seaplane or dogsled.

The history of the Yukon, in essence, the gold rush. Encouraged by the August 16, 1896 the discovery of a gold nugget in the Canadian Northwest, at the confluence of the Yukon and Klondike Rivers, which began when about 100,000, in search of wealth and adventure it later than it had been designated the Klondike Gold Rush Trail between 1897 and 1898. The event, which produced a population boom in real time and finally the territory, the traces of his way to five significant places in both the U.S. and Canada.

The first one, Seattle, Washington, had served as a gateway to the Yukon. Billed as the owner “of the gold fields, which sold supplies and equipment stored ten feet deep on seafronts store, raising $ 25 million in sales in early 1898, and was the launching point for the water route across the Gulf of Alaska to San Miguel, and then down the Yukon River to Dawson City. Despite the high fares, which few could afford, all tickets had been exhausted.

Dyea and the Chilkoot Trail, the second location, had expected a slower pace, more treacherous, alternate route, through the route 33-mile Chilkoot links the Alaskan coast with the Canadian headwaters of the Yukon River.

Skagway, Alaska, the third location, Dyea quickly replaced as the “Gateway to the Klondike” navigable by White Pass route, which, although ten miles longer than the Chilkoot Trail, had been a 600-foot-smallest gain. The road quickly destroyed overuse, ultimately, had been replaced by the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad, constructed, financed by British investors, had begun in May 1898 and had spread to the White Pass Summit of February 1899, Bello Lago July 1899 and July Whitehorse the following year. Skagway same had been transformed from a cleaned the streets, store points for field sports tour lined wooden buildings with 80 pubs within four months from August to December 1897.

At Bennett Lake, the fourth location, 30000 Stampeders awaited spring thaw, the 7124 construction of wooden boats and launching green whipsawn of its fleet of 29 May 1898, the fight against Whitehorse rapids before following the Yukon River to Dawson City.

Dawson City itself, the location of meetings, had hosted the first discovery of gold nuggets and began as a small island between the Klondike and Yukon rivers hitherto occupied only First Nations have, but it exploded in western Canada’s largest city of Winnipeg and North Vancouver with a maximum of 40,000 gold seekers covering a ten-mile area along the river banks. Thirty-cords of wood is used to record the axes through the permafrost to the mines themselves. Of the 4,000 who actually discovered gold, only a few hundred ultimately grew rich.

2. Whitehorse

Whitehorse, Yukon desert capital at the banks of the Yukon River with a population of 23,000, she had been formed by the gold fever and transport that was developed to facilitate this. Appointed by the rapids of the Yukon River which resembled the manes of charging white horses, the area had first served as a fishing camp of the Kwanlin Dun First Nations. In 1987, the tent-shaped Canyon City served as the hub of a horse-drawn tram, for a fee, carried people and goods, particularly gold miners, round the treacherous White Horse Rapids in lanes for registration.

Three years later, in 1900, the tracks on the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad reached the city, today the only international narrow-gauge railroad still operating in North America, and passengers transferred to large boat service, which concluded a trip to Dawson City in the Yukon River.

In 1942, the U.S. Army completed 1534 miles of the Alaska Highway in a record eight months, 23 days, and Whitehorse was incorporated as a city in 1950. Three years later, Dawson was replaced as the capital Yukon.

Whitehorse Road itself is accessible by multiple modes. The paved Alaska, Haines and Klondike facilitate access by road in the Territory and Alaska, while the gravel Dempster Highway connects Dawson City to Inuvik above the Arctic Circle in the Northwest Territories. The Alaska Marine Highway and multiple cruise ships daily serving Skagway and Haines, Alaska, during the summer season. The White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad Skagway connects with the Fraser and Bennett Lake, British Columbia, with a service that soon spread to Whitehorse. And Whitehorse Airport offers daily service via Northern Air, Air Canada Jazz, First Air, and Condor, to Yellowknife, Dawson, Fairbanks, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary and Frankfurt, Germany. Seaplanes provide access in remote communities.

Whitehorse’s history can be traced by its many diverse and attractive places.

MacBride Museum, for example, toted as “the first museum Yukon “and located in a log structure with a roof of grass, was established in 1951 by historian Bill MacBride in order to explore the history of the Yukon. It has stuffed wildlife in their gallery, “Rivers of Gold”, an exhibition that represents Yukon Placer exploration and mining since 1883, and Yukon First Nations people, the lower gallery and top teams from copper mining, blacksmithing, and Sam McGee’s original 1899 cabin in one of two areas exterior exposure. The other phase contains land used by the White Pass and Yukon Route between Whitehorse and Dawson, 1895 North West Mounted Police Patrol Cabin passengers and the engine number 51, built in 1881 and used in the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad, seven years later, in 1898.

The Old Church Log Museum, an Anglican cathedral built in 1900, is one of the oldest buildings in Whitehorse and tells the story of the first missionaries of the Yukon, including the priest who survived a winter expedition by eating his own boots for their livelihood.

Perhaps the most popular show, and one that serves as a symbol the city itself, is the SS Klondike, a National Historic Site of Canada. The largest of the 250 sternwheelers that plied the Yukon River, 64 meters long and 12.5 meters wide, was built in 1920 by the British Yukon Navigation Company, a subsidiary of White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad, in the city of Whitehorse itself, and has been integral to the system of internal water transport that connects Whitehorse with the rest of the territory and therefore served as the principle element of its own growth.

The design, which traces its lineage back to 1866 when steam-driven as the first ship arrived Selkirk, the SS Klondike I, with 1,362.5-gross tons and powered by twin 525-hp jet composite capacitor motors, had offered a revolutionary helmet that let him bring the volume of burden of 50 percent over the previous settings, without sacrificing the instability of shallow draft, allowing it to accommodate more than 300 tons of cargo for the first time, along with 75 passengers in first and second class. Of the three floors, covering of the first or main home to the engines, boilers, and load, and the second room, communications office, dining room, kitchen and terrace, and the third bridge and crew accommodation.

Succeeded by dimensionally identical Klondike II early after the vessel ran aground in 1936, itself the realization of the 460-Mile Run downstream from Whitehorse to Dawson in 36 hours with only one or two stops replacement wood, had operated as a cargo vessel between 1937 and 1952 and finally had become a small cruise service until 1955.

The current dry docked boat appears in the disguise of 1930.

Whitehorse train station, which replaced the originally built, but later the fire consumed structure, reflecting the typical architecture of Western Canada from the early 20th century, although alterations were made during the Second World War and during the project Alaska highway. After a regular rail service was interrupted in 1982, the Yukon government had bought the building and restored it, the room waiting for passengers as it reflects its 1950s heritage.

The car Whitehorse Waterfront, using the narrow gauge White Pass and Yukon Route railroad tracks and parallel to the Yukon River, with stops at Rotary Peace Park, the Tourist Information Center, White Pass Train Depot, Wood Street, Park Kishwoot Shipyard and the station, and Spook Creek, provides an excellent introduction to the city, using a single tram, the number of 531 per hour for your round trip service.

The car, in the original outline of its yellow color, had been partially built by JG Brill Company of Philadelphia in 1925 by the Electric Company Lisbon, later met the kit in the store of your Santo Amaro. Of the 202 cars built there, 24 were of 531-type car.

Trolley 531 had operated in Lisbon until 1976, when he had been acquired by the Lake Superior Museum of Transportation in Duluth, Minnesota, where he remained until the government Yukon had bought in 1999. truck, through cold and ice, allowed him to reach the White Pass and Yukon Route restoration engine shed in Whitehorse on 6 January 2000.

The double ended trolley car, with controls at each end, two 25-hp General Electric motors and two controllers K.3, and was designed to operate outside overhead electricity lines with a power pole, but the lack of such facilities in Whitehorse required the temporary a trailer installed an electric generator. The current 600-volt operation, replacing its original intention of 550 volts, and installation of wheels rail allows it to run at the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad 36 runs of an inch, although it was designed, with its original base of wheeled cart, to use the narrower, from 34.5 inches wide rail.

Because of the body equally standard measures allows the current four, two and two seats, sporting a varnished oak, mahogany and cherry interior with original signs still in Portuguese.

The Whitehorse Rapids fish ladder and hatchery, located Five minutes from the city, has led since the late 1950s the construction of the Whitehorse Rapids Hydroelectric power plant for Northern Canada Commission. The Alaska and Klondike Highway, which links many communities and avoid the need for the vital time sternwheeler river transportation system ultimately led to the transfer of capital of the Yukon from Dawson to Whitehorse, and population expansion could not be supported by the downtown generator method diesel power. The construction of increased capacity of the hydroelectric dam, starting in 1956, formed Schwatka lake, and this produces the first of the city electricity two years later, in 1958.

Although the facility has improved the quality of life of the human population, it was detrimental to the species of salmon in River. Salmon had traveled the Yukon River to spawn thousands of years, laying their eggs in the gravel after the gestation period of winter, fry born in the early spring, and nurtured and developed in the cold waters and clear for up to two years. Swimming out to the ocean, returned several years later to the exact location of their birth to lay their own eggs and start the process again.

In order to circumvent the new hydroelectric dam and enable them to continue their life cycles, the longest in the world, wooden fish ladder, at 366 meters, was built in 1959. Gradually increasing in steps of 15 meters Schwatka Lake Yukon River, allowing fish to pass safely around the dam and continue their migration process.

A two-hour cruise boat on Lake Schwatka the M-appropriately named / v Schwatka of 28 tons, double deck, 40-passenger boat, provides an excellent introduction to Whitehorse’s wild side and navigate through Miles Canyon, the turbulent “Devil’s Punchbowl” and the river Yukon itself.

Several interesting attractions found along the road to Alaska, to Two Mile Hill Road.

The Copperbelt Mining Railway and Museum, the first, offers a figure of 1.8 kilometers and eight of his loop station McIntyre red building through the thin pine forest, using an abandoned line drive White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad located in the historic district of Whitehorse Copper Belt mining. Its two engines, 10 – and 20-hp diesel Loke, were fabricated by Jenacher Werks in Austria in 1969 and 1967, respectively.

The Yukon Transportation Museum Gold, land transport represents Rush heritage, showing the ways unusual transport associated with the North, from snowshoes to sled dogs to Exhibitions plane. include a DC-3 Canadian Pacific was mounted on a pedestal, Full-size ship, the “Neecheah” and a steam locomotive. Inside exhibits include a petrol engine car Casey, carrying workers from the railroad, a passenger car used by the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad, a White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad model train layout, Ryan B-1 designated Bougham “Queen of the Yukon”, a sister ship Spirit of St. Louis Lindbergh, “which served as the first commercial aircraft to have operated in the Yukon after your purchase of the San Diego factory Yukon Airways and Exploration, Inc. in 1927 for $ 10,200.00; sled dogs, a 1927 Chevrolet convertible, a five Kinner-cylinder engine, a Lycoming R-680 engine, an ambulance from the 1965 International Travelall, a welded steel frame of a Fairchild FC-2W2, a DGA Smith-1 “mini-med” homebuilder, a bus lines BYN buses, military vehicles, including seven-passenger Dodge Carryall used by Northwest, U.S. Army of Service command during the construction of the Alcan Highway, rail and tram registration using parallel records as “tracks.

The Yukon Beringia Beringia examines Interpretation Center, a sub-continent from the last ice age had been located in the Bering Strait and Siberia were covered, Alaska and the Yukon. While the rest of Canada was established under ice sheets, Beringia itself was touched by the glaciers due to a reduction of 125-meters in sea level, causing the tundra whose hard, dry grass had supported a wide range of herbivores and carnivores.

The woolly mammoth, among them, had been the predecessor of the modern Asian elephant and the Sports Museum a full slate size of the largest example ever recovered. The short-faced bear, which had been a foot taller than grizzly counterparts today, had been the largest, most powerful land carnivore in North America during the last Ice Age. The museum also has a reconstruction of the 24,000-year-old from Bluefish Cave archaeological site.

The earliest human inhabitants, following the buffalo and herds of mammoths 24,000 years ago, had emigrated from Beringia to current western Canada.

3. Kluane National Park

One of the four contiguous national and provincial parks, including 21,980 square miles of Yukon Kluane National Park of 52,600 square kilometers Alaska Wrangell-St. Elias Alaska National Park 13,360 square kilometers Glacier Bay National Park and British Columbia’s 9580 square kilometers Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park, Kluane National Park itself is topographically diverse, covering high mountains, valleys, lakes, boreal forests, valley glaciers and ice fields. Of the two chains mountain-the Kluane Icefield and the second-highest peak in sports in Canada, Mount Logan, at 19,545 feet. The largest non-polar icefield in the world, a remnant of the last Ice Age, is also located here.

Of the two types of human and animal populations “-the first includes people Tutchone of South, who had previously lived nomadic lifestyle but still practice a culture that revolves around close to the natural world and the second includes grizzly bears, bobcats, goats, elk, wolves, black bears, caribou, coyotes, 180 species of birds, and the world largest concentration of Dall sheep.

Haines Junction, which is two hours from Whitehorse via the Alaska Highway, and serves as a national park, is one year, all service people whose modern history began to in 1942 with the completion of the Alaska Highway in the same Milepost 1016. A year later, a branch on the Chilkat step, connected with Haines, Alaska, and Kluane National Park had been designated a preserve in 1972.

His few scenes, always flanked by the impressive shades of purple-Saint Elias Mountains, including the Memorial Village, a local wildlife sculpture, recording eight sides St Christopher ‘of the Anglican Church, and Our Lady of the Catholic Church, Camino, it was built in 1954 of an old army hut remaining from the Alaska Highway project.

The ubiquitous thin, dark green fir during my own tour of the national park, lining both sides of the deserted road Haines, vertical peaks of the St. Elias Mountains in Kluane National Park on the right side of shades of purple, chocolate and green velvet in its databases. The silver surface of Lake Kathleen reflects between them.

Kluane National Park and the adjacent Wrangell-St. Elias National Monument on the border with the United States were appointed jointly to the World Heritage List of UNESCO in 1979. Together, the properties presented an unbroken, pristine natural system, with a rich variety of vegetation, patterns, and ecosystems.

The first stop on my own album revealed a pebble beach, which, acting as a threshold, directed toward the emerald green waters of Lake Kathleen, bracketed on either side by tall, silent, fragrant fir, water same interface with the green carpet in the extreme mountain seamless transition, taking the eye to brown the top, vegetationless, from which a slender “s” Snow still wound, a remnant of the long winter and short summer “break” between the period of cold to come. As it had in August, after which there was been very long way in these northern latitudes.

Kokanee salmon, which live in freshwater lake for the first three years of his life, none of the short distance to Sockeye Lake in the fourth year, when he dies. In 1700, the Lowell glacier had come across the river Alaska blocking your drain in the Ocean Pacific, creating a huge lake. When the dam suddenly broke out in 1856, the waters had been released in the flash floods, which drain the basin.

Kluane National Park sports both glacial ice and rock, the latter formed in cold alpine environments on mountain slopes. During the last 8,000 years, fragile bedrock broke into fragments of freezing and thawing action of winter, the summer cycle. lubricated by meltwater and set up a glacier ice core, a continuous mass of rock accumulation gradually its field down the mountainside, forming rock glaciers.

The huge, deep blue lake Dezadeash, was found at another stop, had been surrounded by distant mountains considerably, whose gentle curves, inverted bowl-like peak was reduced to gray and green, the silhouettes almost indistinguishable in the afternoon, below the high, smooth, shiny sun. The sky was a flawless blue.

Klukshu Village, dotted with small wooden cabins and a gift shop, had been an important place for Champagne Aishihik and families, especially during salmon spawning season, between June and September, when the king, sockeye, and coho salmon migrating upstream.

4. Conclusion

The Yukon, with its capital in Whitehorse and Kluane National Park wilderness, in fact provides an interesting journey through his Gold Rush heritage and the means of transport that was developed to facilitate this.

About the Author

A graduate of Long Island University-C.W. Post Campus with a summa-cum-laude BA Degree in Comparative Languages and Journalism, I have subsequently earned the Continuing Community Education Teaching Certificate from the Nassau Association for Continuing Community Education (NACCE) at Molloy College, the Travel Career Development Certificate from the Institute of Certified Travel Agents (ICTA) at LIU, and the AAS Degree in Aerospace Technology at the State University of New York – College of Technology at Farmingdale. Having amassed almost three decades in the airline industry, I managed the New York-JFK and Washington-Dulles stations at Austrian Airlines, created the North American Station Training Program, served as an Aviation Advisor to Farmingdale State University of New York, and devised and taught the Airline Management Certificate Program at the Long Island Educational Opportunity Center. A freelance author, I have written some 70 books of the short story, novel, nonfiction, essay, poetry, article, log, curriculum, training manual, and textbook genre in English, German, and Spanish, having principally focused on aviation and travel, and I have been published in book, magazine, newsletter, and electronic Web site form. I am a writer for Cole Palen’s Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome in New York. I have made some 350 lifetime trips by air, sea, rail, and road.